#!/usr/bin/env python  """ Java class file decoder. Specification found at the following URL: http://java.sun.com/docs/books/vmspec/2nd-edition/html/ClassFile.doc.html """  import struct # for general decoding of class files  # Utility functions.  def u1(data):     return struct.unpack(">B", data[0:1])[0]  def u2(data):     return struct.unpack(">H", data[0:2])[0]  def u4(data):     return struct.unpack(">L", data[0:4])[0]  def s4(data):     return struct.unpack(">l", data[0:4])[0]  def s8(data):     return struct.unpack(">q", data[0:8])[0]  def f4(data):     return struct.unpack(">f", data[0:4])[0]  def f8(data):     return struct.unpack(">d", data[0:8])[0]  # Useful mix-ins.  class NameUtils:     def get_name(self):         if self.name_index != 0:             return self.class_file.constants[self.name_index - 1]         else:             # Some name indexes are zero to indicate special conditions.             return None  class NameAndTypeUtils:     def get_name(self):         if self.name_and_type_index != 0:             return self.class_file.constants[self.name_and_type_index - 1].get_name()         else:             # Some name indexes are zero to indicate special conditions.             return None      def get_field_descriptor(self):         if self.name_and_type_index != 0:             return self.class_file.constants[self.name_and_type_index - 1].get_field_descriptor()         else:             # Some name indexes are zero to indicate special conditions.             return None      def get_method_descriptor(self):         if self.name_and_type_index != 0:             return self.class_file.constants[self.name_and_type_index - 1].get_method_descriptor()         else:             # Some name indexes are zero to indicate special conditions.             return None  class DescriptorUtils:      "Symbol parsing."      def _get_method_descriptor(self, s):         assert s[0] == "("         params = []         s = s[1:]         while s[0] != ")":             parameter_descriptor, s = self._get_parameter_descriptor(s)             params.append(parameter_descriptor)         if s[1] != "V":             return_type, s = self._get_field_type(s[1:])         else:             return_type, s = None, s[1:]         return params, return_type      def _get_parameter_descriptor(self, s):         return self._get_field_type(s)      def _get_field_descriptor(self, s):         return self._get_field_type(s)      def _get_component_type(self, s):         return self._get_field_type(s)      def _get_field_type(self, s):         base_type, s = self._get_base_type(s)         object_type = None         array_type = None         if base_type == "L":             object_type, s = self._get_object_type(s)         elif base_type == "[":             array_type, s = self._get_array_type(s)         return (base_type, object_type, array_type), s      def _get_base_type(self, s):         if len(s) > 0:             return s[0], s[1:]         else:             return None, s      def _get_object_type(self, s):         if len(s) > 0:             s_end = s.find(";")             assert s_end != -1             return s[:s_end], s[s_end+1:]         else:             return None, s      def _get_array_type(self, s):         if len(s) > 0:             return self._get_component_type(s)         else:             return None, s  # Constant information. # Objects of these classes are not directly aware of the class they reside in.  class ClassInfo(NameUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.name_index = u2(data[0:2])         return data[2:]  class RefInfo(NameAndTypeUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.class_index = u2(data[0:2])         self.name_and_type_index = u2(data[2:4])         return data[4:]  class FieldRefInfo(RefInfo):     def get_descriptor(self):         return RefInfo.get_field_descriptor(self)  class MethodRefInfo(RefInfo):     def get_descriptor(self):         return RefInfo.get_method_descriptor(self)  class InterfaceMethodRefInfo(RefInfo):     def get_descriptor(self):         return RefInfo.get_method_descriptor(self)  class NameAndTypeInfo(NameUtils, DescriptorUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.name_index = u2(data[0:2])         self.descriptor_index = u2(data[2:4])         return data[4:]      def get_field_descriptor(self):         return self._get_field_descriptor(unicode(self.class_file.constants[self.descriptor_index - 1]))      def get_method_descriptor(self):         return self._get_method_descriptor(unicode(self.class_file.constants[self.descriptor_index - 1]))  class Utf8Info:     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.length = u2(data[0:2])         self.bytes = data[2:2+self.length]         return data[2+self.length:]      def __str__(self):         return self.bytes      def __unicode__(self):         return unicode(self.bytes, "utf-8")  class StringInfo:     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.string_index = u2(data[0:2])         return data[2:]  class SmallNumInfo:     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.bytes = data[0:4]         return data[4:]  class IntegerInfo(SmallNumInfo):     def get_value(self):         return s4(self.bytes)  class FloatInfo(SmallNumInfo):     def get_value(self):         return f4(self.bytes)  class LargeNumInfo:     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.high_bytes = u4(data[0:4])         self.low_bytes = u4(data[4:8])         return data[8:]  class LongInfo(LargeNumInfo):     def get_value(self):         return s8(self.high_bytes + self.low_bytes)  class DoubleInfo(LargeNumInfo):     def get_value(self):         return f8(self.high_bytes + self.low_bytes)  # Other information. # Objects of these classes are generally aware of the class they reside in.  class ItemInfo(NameUtils, DescriptorUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.access_flags = u2(data[0:2])         self.name_index = u2(data[2:4])         self.descriptor_index = u2(data[4:6])         self.attributes, data = self.class_file._get_attributes(data[6:])         return data  class FieldInfo(ItemInfo):     def get_descriptor(self):         return self._get_field_descriptor(unicode(self.class_file.constants[self.descriptor_index - 1]))  class MethodInfo(ItemInfo):     def get_descriptor(self):         return self._get_method_descriptor(unicode(self.class_file.constants[self.descriptor_index - 1]))  class AttributeInfo:     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.info = data[4:4+self.attribute_length]         return data[4+self.attribute_length:]  # NOTE: Decode the different attribute formats.  class SourceFileAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo, NameUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         # Permit the NameUtils mix-in.         self.name_index = self.sourcefile_index = u2(data[4:6])  class ConstantValueAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.constant_value_index = u2(data[4:6])         assert 4+self.attribute_length == 6         return data[4+self.attribute_length:]      def get_value(self):         return self.class_file.constants[self.constant_value_index - 1].get_value()  class CodeAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.max_stack = u2(data[4:6])         self.max_locals = u2(data[6:8])         self.code_length = u4(data[8:12])         end_of_code = 12+self.code_length         self.code = data[12:end_of_code]         self.exception_table_length = u2(data[end_of_code:end_of_code+2])         self.exception_table = []         data = data[end_of_code + 2:]         for i in range(0, self.exception_table_length):             exception = ExceptionInfo()             data = exception.init(data)             self.exception_table.append(exception)         self.attributes, data = self.class_file._get_attributes(data)         return data  class ExceptionsAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.number_of_exceptions = u2(data[4:6])         self.exception_index_table = []         index = 6         for i in range(0, self.number_of_exceptions):             self.exception_index_table.append(u2(data[index:index+2]))             index += 2         return data[index:]      def get_exception(self, i):         exception_index = self.exception_index_table[i]         return self.class_file.constants[exception_index - 1]  class InnerClassesAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.number_of_classes = u2(data[4:6])         self.classes = []         data = data[6:]         for i in range(0, self.number_of_classes):             inner_class = InnerClassInfo()             data = inner_class.init(data, self.class_file)             self.classes.append(inner_class)         return data  class SyntheticAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     pass  class LineNumberAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.line_number_table_length = u2(data[4:6])         self.line_number_table = []         data = data[6:]         for i in range(0, self.line_number_table_length):             line_number = LineNumberInfo()             data = line_number.init(data)             self.line_number_table.append(line_number)         return data  class LocalVariableAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.attribute_length = u4(data[0:4])         self.local_variable_table_length = u2(data[4:6])         self.local_variable_table = []         data = data[6:]         for i in range(0, self.local_variable_table_length):             local_variable = LocalVariableInfo()             data = local_variable.init(data)             self.local_variable_table.append(local_variable)         return data  class DeprecatedAttributeInfo(AttributeInfo):     pass  # Child classes of the attribute information classes.  class ExceptionInfo:     def init(self, data):         self.start_pc = u2(data[0:2])         self.end_pc = u2(data[2:4])         self.handler_pc = u2(data[4:6])         self.catch_type = u2(data[6:8])         return data[8:]  class InnerClassInfo(NameUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.inner_class_info_index = u2(data[0:2])         self.outer_class_info_index = u2(data[2:4])         # Permit the NameUtils mix-in.         self.name_index = self.inner_name_index = u2(data[4:6])         self.inner_class_access_flags = u2(data[6:8])         return data[8:]  class LineNumberInfo:     def init(self, data):         self.start_pc = u2(data[0:2])         self.line_number = u2(data[2:4])         return data[4:]  class LocalVariableInfo(NameUtils):     def init(self, data, class_file):         self.class_file = class_file         self.start_pc = u2(data[0:2])         self.length = u2(data[2:4])         self.name_index = u2(data[4:6])         self.descriptor_index = u2(data[6:8])         self.index = u2(data[8:10])         return data[10:]      def get_descriptor(self):         return self._get_field_descriptor(unicode(self.class_file.constants[self.descriptor_index - 1]))  # Exceptions.  class UnknownTag(Exception):     pass  class UnknownAttribute(Exception):     pass  # Abstractions for the main structures.  class ClassFile:      "A class representing a Java class file."      def __init__(self, s):          """         Process the given string 's', populating the object with the class         file's details.         """          self.constants, s = self._get_constants(s[8:])         self.access_flags, s = self._get_access_flags(s)         self.this_class, s = self._get_this_class(s)         self.super_class, s = self._get_super_class(s)         self.interfaces, s = self._get_interfaces(s)         self.fields, s = self._get_fields(s)         self.methods, s = self._get_methods(s)         self.attributes, s = self._get_attributes(s)      def _decode_const(self, s):         tag = u1(s[0:1])         if tag == 1:             const = Utf8Info()         elif tag == 3:             const = IntegerInfo()         elif tag == 4:             const = FloatInfo()         elif tag == 5:             const = LongInfo()         elif tag == 6:             const = DoubleInfo()         elif tag == 7:             const = ClassInfo()         elif tag == 8:             const = StringInfo()         elif tag == 9:             const = FieldRefInfo()         elif tag == 10:             const = MethodRefInfo()         elif tag == 11:             const = InterfaceMethodRefInfo()         elif tag == 12:             const = NameAndTypeInfo()         else:             raise UnknownTag, tag          # Initialise the constant object.          s = const.init(s[1:], self)         return const, s      def _get_constants_from_table(self, count, s):         l = []         # Have to skip certain entries specially.         i = 1         while i < count:             c, s = self._decode_const(s)             l.append(c)             # Add a blank entry after "large" entries.             if isinstance(c, LargeNumInfo):                 l.append(None)                 i += 1             i += 1         return l, s      def _get_items_from_table(self, cls, number, s):         l = []         for i in range(0, number):             f = cls()             s = f.init(s, self)             l.append(f)         return l, s      def _get_methods_from_table(self, number, s):         return self._get_items_from_table(MethodInfo, number, s)      def _get_fields_from_table(self, number, s):         return self._get_items_from_table(FieldInfo, number, s)      def _get_attribute_from_table(self, s):         attribute_name_index = u2(s[0:2])         constant_name = self.constants[attribute_name_index - 1].bytes         if constant_name == "SourceFile":             attribute = SourceFileAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "ConstantValue":             attribute = ConstantValueAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "Code":             attribute = CodeAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "Exceptions":             attribute = ExceptionsAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "InnerClasses":             attribute = InnerClassesAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "Synthetic":             attribute = SyntheticAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "LineNumberTable":             attribute = LineNumberAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "LocalVariableTable":             attribute = LocalVariableAttributeInfo()         elif constant_name == "Deprecated":             attribute = DeprecatedAttributeInfo()         else:             raise UnknownAttribute, constant_name         s = attribute.init(s[2:], self)         return attribute, s      def _get_attributes_from_table(self, number, s):         attributes = []         for i in range(0, number):             attribute, s = self._get_attribute_from_table(s)             attributes.append(attribute)         return attributes, s      def _get_constants(self, s):         count = u2(s[0:2])         return self._get_constants_from_table(count, s[2:])      def _get_access_flags(self, s):         return u2(s[0:2]), s[2:]      def _get_this_class(self, s):         index = u2(s[0:2])         return self.constants[index - 1], s[2:]      _get_super_class = _get_this_class      def _get_interfaces(self, s):         interfaces = []         number = u2(s[0:2])         s = s[2:]         for i in range(0, number):             index = u2(s[0:2])             interfaces.append(self.constants[index - 1])             s = s[2:]         return interfaces, s      def _get_fields(self, s):         number = u2(s[0:2])         return self._get_fields_from_table(number, s[2:])      def _get_attributes(self, s):         number = u2(s[0:2])         return self._get_attributes_from_table(number, s[2:])      def _get_methods(self, s):         number = u2(s[0:2])         return self._get_methods_from_table(number, s[2:])  if __name__ == "__main__":     import sys     f = open(sys.argv[1])     c = ClassFile(f.read())  # vim: tabstop=4 expandtab shiftwidth=4